"Significant blood-brain barrier disruption occurs after injection of lipopolysaccharide disulfide high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) or fully reduced HMGB1 compared to controls. Both HMGB1 isoforms induce a local production of IL-1beta. Disulfide HMGB1 increases major histocompatibility complex class II expression and apoptosis."xsd:string