"RYGB increased circulating bile acids ileal Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) and mTORC1 signaling activity as well as GLP-1 production in both mice and human subjects. Inhibition of ileal mTORC1 signaling by rapamycin significantly attenuated the stimulation of bile acid secretion TGR5 expression and GLP-1 synthesis induced by RYGB in lean and diet-induced obese mice."xsd:string