"the transepithelial potential difference (TEP) across the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) depends on the expression of ATP1B1 and this regulates the secretion of PEDF by RPE cells and so may regulate the onset of retinal disease. Increasing the expression of PEDF using an applied EF to replenish a disease or age-reduced TEP may offer a new way of preventing or reversing retinal dysfunction."xsd:string