| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/Journal_Citation |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment | "In the periphery, IL-18 synergistically induces the expression of the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma in the presence of IL-12 and the Th2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 in the presence of IL-2. Although the expression of these cytokines has been described in the thymus, their role in thymic development and function remains uncertain. We report here that freshly isolated thymocytes from C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice stimulated in vitro with IL-2-plus-IL-18 or IL-12-plus-IL-18 produce large amounts of IFN-gamma and IL-13. Analysis of the thymic subsets, CD4(-)CD8(-) (DN), CD4(+)CD8(+), CD4(+)CD8(-), and CD4(-)CD8(+) revealed that IL-18 in combination with IL-2 or IL-12 induces IFN-gamma and IL-13 preferentially from DN cells. Moreover, DN2 and DN3 thymocytes contained more IFN-gamma(+) cells than cells in the later stage of maturation. Additionally, IL-18 in combination with IL-2 induces CCR4 (Th2-associated) and CCR5 (Th1-associated) gene expression. In contrast, IL-18-plus-IL-12 specifically induced CCR5 expression. The IL-2-plus-IL-18 or IL-12-plus-IL-18 effect on IFN-gamma and IL-13 expression is dependent on Stat4 and NF-kappaB but independent of Stat6, T-bet, or NFAT. Furthermore, IL-12-plus-IL-18 induces significant thymocyte apoptosis when expressed in vivo or in vitro, and this effect is exacerbated in the absence of IFN-gamma. IL-12-plus-IL-18-stimulated thymocytes can also induce IA-IE expression on cortical and medullary thymic epithelial cells in an IFN-gamma-dependent manner. Thus, the combination of IL-2, IL-12, and IL-18 can induce phenotypic and functional changes in thymocytes that may alter migration, differentiation, and cell death of immature T cells inside the thymus and potentially affect the Th1/Th2 bias in peripheral immune compartments."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier | "doi:10.4049/jimmunol.174.5.2796"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Farr A."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Young H.A."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Bream J.H."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Rodriguez-Galan M.C."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/date | "2005"xsd:gYear |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name | "J Immunol"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/pages | "2796-2804"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/title | "Synergistic effect of IL-2, IL-12, and IL-18 on thymocyte apoptosis and Th1/Th2 cytokine expression."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/volume | "174"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatch | http://purl.uniprot.org/pubmed/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 | http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/primaryTopicOf | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_A0A0G2JGK6-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_P52633-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_A0A7R8C347-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_A2AQC8-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_A0A1U6URG8-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_B0YJ28-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_A3RL32-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_D3YU28-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_B5B2P6-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_B5B2P7-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_B5B2P8-mappedCitation-15728489 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/15728489 |