| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/Journal_Citation |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment | "Activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta superfamily, is involved in regulation of tissue remodeling and inflammation. Herein, we wanted to explore a role for activin A in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Circulating levels of activin A and its binding protein follistatin were measured in patients with PH (n = 47) and control subjects (n = 14). To investigate synthesis and localization of pulmonary activin A, we utilized an experimental model of hypoxia-induced PH. In mouse lungs, we also explored signaling pathways that can be activated by activin A, such as phosphorylation of Smads, which are mediators of TGF-beta signaling. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms initiated by activin A were explored by exposing pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells in culture to this cytokine. Elevated levels of activin A and follistatin were found in patients with PH, and activin A levels were significantly related to mortality. Immunohistochemistry of lung autopsies from PH patients and lungs with experimental PH localized activin A primarily to alveolar macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells. Mice with PH exhibited increased pulmonary levels of mRNA for activin A and follistatin in the lungs, and also elevated pulmonary levels of phosphorylated Smad2. Finally, we found that activin A increased proliferation and induced gene expression of endothelin-1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, mediators that could contribute to vascular remodeling. Our findings in both clinical and experimental studies suggest a role for activin A in the development of various types of PH."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier | "doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.90719.2008"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Smith C."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Sjaastad I."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Christensen G."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Aukrust P."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Oie E."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Halvorsen B."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Ueland T."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Andreassen A.K."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Skjonsberg O.H."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Damas J.K."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Yndestad A."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Larsen K.O."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Pedersen T.M."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Anfinsen O.G."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/date | "2009"xsd:gYear |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name | "J Appl Physiol (1985)"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/pages | "1356-1364"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/title | "Elevated levels of activin A in clinical and experimental pulmonary hypertension."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/volume | "106"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatch | http://purl.uniprot.org/pubmed/19196915 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 | http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/primaryTopicOf | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19196915 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_A4D1W7-mappedCitation-19196915 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19196915 |