| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/Journal_Citation |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment | "Cadmium (Cd) is a nephrotoxic industrial and environmental pollutant that causes a generalized dysfunction of the proximal tubule. Kim-1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is normally not detectable in non-injured kidney, but is up-regulated and shed into the urine during the early stages of Cd-induced proximal tubule injury. The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between the Cd-induced increase in Kim-1 expression and the onset of necrotic and apoptotic cell death in the proximal tubule. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 0.6 mg (5.36 micromol) Cd/kg, subcutaneously, 5 days per week for up to 12 weeks. Urine samples were analyzed for levels of Kim-1 and the enzymatic markers of cell death, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alpha-glutathione-S-transferase (alpha-GST). In addition, necrotic cells were specifically labeled by perfusing the kidneys in situ with ethidium homodimer using a procedure that has been recently developed and validated in the Prozialeck laboratory. Cryosections of the kidneys were also processed for the immunofluorescent visualization of Kim-1 and the identification of apoptotic cells by TUNEL labeling. Results showed that significant levels of Kim-1 began to appear in the urine after 6 weeks of Cd treatment, whereas the levels of total protein, alpha-GST and LDH were not increased until 8-12 weeks. Results of immunofluorescence labeling studies showed that after 6 weeks and 12 weeks, Kim-1 was expressed in the epithelial cells of the proximal tubule, but that there was no increase in the number of necrotic cells, and only a modest increase in the number of apoptotic cells at 12 weeks. These results indicate that the Cd-induced increase in Kim-1 expression occurs before the onset of necrosis and at a point where there is only a modest level of apoptosis in the proximal tubule."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier | "doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.016"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Edwards J.R."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Liu J."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Bonventre J.V."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Vaidya V.S."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Lamar P.C."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Prozialeck W.C."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/date | "2009"xsd:gYear |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name | "Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/pages | "306-314"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/title | "Expression of kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) in relation to necrosis and apoptosis during the early stages of Cd-induced proximal tubule injury."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/volume | "238"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatch | http://purl.uniprot.org/pubmed/19371613 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 | http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/primaryTopicOf | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19371613 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/O54947#attribution-FB668175A790D298F76B5EAAE38AFDAB | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/source | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 |
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| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_G3V6W3-mappedCitation-19371613 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_O54947-mappedCitation-19371613 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/O54947 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/mappedCitation | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A8I5Y0B2 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/mappedCitation | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/G3V6W3 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/mappedCitation | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19371613 |