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http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#typehttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/Journal_Citation
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment"

Background

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which have been evolutionarily conserved in microbes. Human melanocytes are not simply pigment-producing cells but also have the phagocytic capacity and can produce pro-inflammatory mediators. However, the mechanisms of recognition of microbes by melanocytes have not yet been fully established.

Objective

We investigated the TLRs 1-10 expression profile in human epidermal melanocytes and assessed their functions after triggering by their specific ligands.

Methods

TLRs mRNA expression was determined by RT-PCR, and the TLR protein expression was measured by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence assays. After stimulation with various TLR ligands, the production of inflammatory cytokine IL-8 and IL-6 was measured by ELISA and the mRNA for chemokine CCL2, CCL3 and CCL5 was analyzed by real-time PCR. Phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha in TLR ligands-triggered melanocytes was determined by Western blot and the nucleus translocation of NF-kappaBp65 was analyzed by immunofluorescence.

Results

Human melanocytes constitutively expressed TLRs 1-4, 6, 7 and 9 mRNA. Ample amounts of TLRs 2-4, 7 and 9 were confirmed at protein level. Stimulation of melanocytes with TLRs ligands resulted in the release of cytokines (IL-8 and IL-6) and the mRNA accumulation of chemokines (CCL2, CCL3 and CCL5). Triggering of TLRs in melanocytes resulted in the up-regulation of phosphorylated IkappaBalpha and in the nucleus translocation of NF-kappaBp65.

Conclusion

Present study indicates human melanocytes express a panel of functional TLRs. The ligation of TLRs can turn these cells into active players of the skin innate immunity."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier"doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2009.08.003"xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Zhang S."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Xiang L."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Kang K."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Yu N."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Guan M."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Zuo F."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/date"2009"xsd:gYear
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name"J Dermatol Sci"xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/pages"113-120"xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/title"Cultured human melanocytes express functional toll-like receptors 2-4, 7 and 9."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://purl.uniprot.org/core/volume"56"xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatchhttp://purl.uniprot.org/pubmed/19740627
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/primaryTopicOfhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19740627
http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NR96#attribution-41EFD4FC3AEB648D8979AE8758B9B56Dhttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/sourcehttp://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627
http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NR96#attribution-79E36D4FD6FC83B3BA545E9EA2C1B9AAhttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/sourcehttp://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627
http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/O00206#attribution-41EFD4FC3AEB648D8979AE8758B9B56Dhttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/sourcehttp://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627
http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/O15455#attribution-41EFD4FC3AEB648D8979AE8758B9B56Dhttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/sourcehttp://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627
http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/O15455#attribution-79E36D4FD6FC83B3BA545E9EA2C1B9AAhttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/sourcehttp://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627
http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NYK1#attribution-41EFD4FC3AEB648D8979AE8758B9B56Dhttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/sourcehttp://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627
http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NYK1#attribution-79E36D4FD6FC83B3BA545E9EA2C1B9AAhttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/sourcehttp://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627
http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/O60603#attribution-41EFD4FC3AEB648D8979AE8758B9B56Dhttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/sourcehttp://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627
http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_A0A0S2Z4S4-mappedCitation-19740627http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#objecthttp://purl.uniprot.org/citations/19740627
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