| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/Journal_Citation |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment | "By an unknown mechanism, β-thymosins are extracellular modulators of angiogenesis, inflammation, wound healing, and development. We were interested in identifying β-thymosin interactors and determining their importance in β-thymosins signaling in human vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We performed pulldown experiments with biotinylated thymosin β-4 (Tβ4) in comparison to neutravidin beads alone and used mass spectrometric analysis to identify differentially interacting proteins. By this method, we identified F1-F0 ATP synthase, a known target of antiangiogenic angiostatin. By surface plasmon resonance, we determined for Tβ4 binding to the β subunit of ATP synthase a K(D) of 12 nM. Blocking antibodies and antagonists (oligomycin, IC(50) ∼1.8 μM; piceatannol, IC(50) ∼1.05 μM; and angiostatin, IC(50) ∼2.9 μg/ml) of ATP synthase inhibited the Tβ4-induced increase in cell surface ATP levels, as measured by luciferase assay, and the Tβ4-induced increase in HUVEC migration, as measured by transwell migration assay. Silencing of the ATP-responsive purinergic receptor P2X4 with siRNA also blocked Tβ4-induced HUVEC migration in a transwell assay. Furthermore, in silico we identified common amphiphilic α-helical structural similarities between β-thymosins and the inhibitory factor 1 (IF1), an inhibitor of ATP synthase hydrolysis. In summary, we have identified an extracellular signaling pathway where Tβ4 increases cell surface ATP levels via ATP synthase and have shown further that ATP-responsive P2X4 receptor is required for Tβ4-induced HUVEC migration."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier | "doi:10.1096/fj.10-169417"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Bowman B.R."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Zetter B.R."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Freeman K.W."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/date | "2011"xsd:gYear |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name | "FASEB J"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/pages | "907-915"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/title | "Regenerative protein thymosin beta-4 is a novel regulator of purinergic signaling."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/21106936 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/volume | "25"xsd:string |
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