| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/Journal_Citation |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment | "Genes involved in carnitine uptake and synthesis, such as organic cation transporter-2 (OCTN2) and γ-butyrobetaine dioxygenase (BBD), have been shown to be regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α directly. Whether other genes encoding enzymes involved in the carnitine synthesis pathway, such as 4-N-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (TMABA-DH) and trimethyllysine dioxygenase (TMLD), are also direct PPARα target genes is less clear. In silico-analysis of the mouse TMLD promoter and first intron and the TMABA-DH promoter revealed several putative peroxisome proliferator response elements (PPRE) with high similarity to the consensus PPRE. Luciferase reporter gene assays using either a 2kb TMLD promoter or a 4kb TMLD first intron reporter constructs revealed no functional PPRE. In contrast, reporter gene assays using wild-type and mutated 5´-truncation TMABA-DH promoter reporter constructs showed that one PPRE located at position -132 in the proximal promoter is probably functional. Using gel shift assays we observed in vitro-binding of PPARα to this PPRE. Moreover, using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays we found that PPARα also binds in vivo to a nucleotide sequence spanning the PPRE at -132, which confirms that this PPRE is functional. In conclusion, the present study shows that the mouse TMABA-DH gene is a direct PPARα target gene. Together with the recent identification of the mouse BBD and the mouse OCTN2 genes as PPARα target genes this finding confirm that PPARα plays a key role in the regulation of carnitine homeostasis by controlling genes involved in carnitine synthesis and carnitine uptake."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier | "doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2012.01.004"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Wen G."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Eder K."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Ringseis R."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Rauer C."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/date | "2012"xsd:gYear |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name | "Biochim Biophys Acta"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/pages | "357-365"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/title | "The mouse gene encoding the carnitine biosynthetic enzyme 4-N-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase is regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22285688 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/volume | "1819"xsd:string |
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