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Background

The transforming growth factor-β-signaling pathway has been identified as being involved in colorectal cancer.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine how diet and lifestyle factors in combination with genetic variation in the transforming growth factor-β-signaling pathway alters colorectal cancer risk.

Design

We used data from 2 population-based case-control studies.

Patients

Participants included patients with colon cancer (n = 1574) and controls (n = 1970) and patients with rectal cancer ( n = 791) and controls (n = 999).

Main outcome measures

The primary outcomes measured were newly diagnosed cases of colon or rectal cancer.

Results

Colon and rectal cancer risk increased with the number of at-risk genotypes within the transforming growth factor-β-signaling pathway (OR 3.68, 95% CI 2.74,4.94 for colon cancer; OR 3.89, 95% CI 2.66,5.69 for rectal cancer). A high at-risk lifestyle score also resulted in significant increased risk with number of at-risk lifestyle factors (OR 2.99, 95% CI 2.32,3.85 for colon cancer; OR 3.37, 95% CI 2.24,5.07 for rectal cancer). The combination of high-risk genotype and high-risk lifestyle results in the greatest increase in risk (OR 7.89, 95% CI 4.45,13.96 for colon cancer; OR 8.75, 95% CI 3.66,20.89 for rectal cancer).

Limitations

The study results need validation in other large studies of colon and rectal cancer.

Conclusions

In summary, our data suggest that there is increased colon and rectal cancer risk with increasing number of at-risk genotypes and at-risk lifestyle factors. Although the integrity of the pathway can be diminished by a number of high-risk genotypes, this risk can be offset, in part, by maintaining a healthy lifestyle."xsd:string
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http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22513431http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Wolff R.K."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22513431http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Caan B.J."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22513431http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Slattery M.L."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22513431http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Herrick J.S."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22513431http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Lundgreen A."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22513431http://purl.uniprot.org/core/date"2012"xsd:gYear
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22513431http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name"Dis Colon Rectum"xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22513431http://purl.uniprot.org/core/pages"532-540"xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22513431http://purl.uniprot.org/core/title"Genetic variation in the transforming growth factor-beta-signaling pathway, lifestyle factors, and risk of colon or rectal cancer."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/22513431http://purl.uniprot.org/core/volume"55"xsd:string
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