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http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#typehttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/Journal_Citation
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment"

Background

Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) may cluster in type 1 diabetes, analogously to the metabolic syndrome described in type 2 diabetes. The threshold of HbA1c above which lipid variables start changing behavior is unclear. This study aims to 1) assess the behavior of dyslipidemia according to HbA1c values; 2) detect a threshold of HbA1c beyond which lipids start to change and 3) compare the clustering of lipids and other non-lipid CVRF among strata of HbA1c individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Methods

Effects of HbA1c quintiles (1st: ≤7.4%; 2nd: 7.5-8.5%; 3rd: 8.6-9.6%; 4th: 9.7-11.3%; and 5th: >11.5%) and covariates (gender, BMI, blood pressure, insulin daily dose, lipids, statin use, diabetes duration) on dyslipidemia were studied in 1275 individuals from the Brazilian multi-centre type 1 diabetes study and 171 normal controls.

Results

Body size and blood pressure were not correlated to lipids and glycemic control. OR (99% CI) for high-LDL were 2.07 (1.21-3.54) and 2.51 (1.46-4.31), in the 4th and 5th HbA1c quintiles, respectively. Hypertriglyceridemia increased in the 5th quintile of HbA1c, OR 2.76 (1.20-6.37). OR of low-HDL-cholesterol were 0.48 (0.24-0.98) and 0.41 (0.19-0.85) in the 3rd and 4th HbA1c quintiles, respectively. HDL-cholesterol correlated positively (0.437) with HbA1c in the 3rd quintile. HDL-cholesterol and insulin dose correlated inversely in all levels of glycemic control.

Conclusions

Correlation of serum lipids with HbA1c is heterogeneous across the spectrum of glycemic control in type 1 diabetes individuals. LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides worsened alongside HbA1c with distinct thresholds. Association of lower HDL-cholesterol with higher daily insulin dose is consistent and it points out to a role of exogenous hyperinsulinemia in the pathophysiology of the CVRF clustering. These data suggest diverse pathophysiological processes depending on HbA1c, refuting a unified explanation for cardiovascular risk in type 1 diabetes."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier"doi:10.1186/1475-2840-11-156"xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Ramos A."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Pereira D.A."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Azevedo M."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Pires A.C."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Soares J.F."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Santos F.M."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"da Silva S.C."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Gomes M.B."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Faria M."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Fonseca R.M."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Tolentino M."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Lavigne S."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"de Araujo L.A."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Sampaio E."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Faria A.C."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Canani L.H."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Dib S.A."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Foss M.C."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Tschiedel B."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Rea R.R."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Della Manna T."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/23270560http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Calliari L.E."xsd:string
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