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http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#typehttp://purl.uniprot.org/core/Journal_Citation
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment"Plasma drug-resistant minority human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants (DRMVs) increase the risk of virological failure to first-line non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor antiretroviral therapy (ART). The origin of DRMVs in ART-naive patients, however, remains unclear. In a large pan-European case-control study investigating the clinical relevance of pre-existing DRMVs using 454 pyrosequencing, the six most prevalent plasma DRMVs detected corresponded to G-to-A nucleotide mutations (V90I, V106I, V108I, E138K, M184I and M230I). Here, we evaluated if such DRMVs could have emerged from apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 3G/F (APOBEC3G/F) activity. Out of 236 ART-naive subjects evaluated, APOBEC3G/F hypermutation signatures were detected in plasma viruses of 14 (5.9%) individuals. Samples with minority E138K, M184I, and M230I mutations, but not those with V90I, V106I or V108I, were significantly associated with APOBEC3G/F activity (Fisher's P < 0.005), defined as the presence of > 0.5% of sample sequences with an APOBEC3G/F signature. Mutations E138K, M184I and M230I co-occurred in the same sequence as APOBEC3G/F signatures in 3/9 (33%), 5/11 (45%) and 4/8 (50%) of samples, respectively; such linkage was not found for V90I, V106I or V108I. In-frame STOP codons were observed in 1.5% of all clonal sequences; 14.8% of them co-occurred with APOBEC3G/F signatures. APOBEC3G/F-associated E138K, M184I and M230I appeared within clonal sequences containing in-frame STOP codons in 2/3 (66%), 5/5 (100%) and 4/4 (100%) of the samples. In a re-analysis of the parent case control study, the presence of APOBEC3G/F signatures was not associated with virological failure. In conclusion, the contribution of APOBEC3G/F editing to the development of DRMVs is very limited and does not affect the efficacy of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor ART."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier"doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.004"xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Schuurman R."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Castro E."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Brun-Vezinet F."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Kaiser R."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Di Giallonardo F."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Metzner K.J."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Jansen K."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Cozzi-Lepri A."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Schultze A."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Furrer H."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Noguera-Julian M."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Paredes R."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Gunthard H.F."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Masquelier B."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Daumer M."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Geretti A.M."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Bellecave P."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Gunthard H."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Kouyos R.D."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Ceccherini-Silberstein F."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"D'Arminio Monforte A."xsd:string
http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26482266http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author"Brockmeyer N."xsd:string
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