| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/Journal_Citation |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment | "Choline kinase-α (Chk-α) and autophagy have gained much attention, as they relate to the drug-resistance of breast cancer. Here, we explored the potential connection between Chk-α and autophagy in the mechanisms driving to tamoxifen (TAM) resistance, in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer cells (BCCs). Human BCC lines (MCF-7 and TAM-resistant MCF-7 (MCF-7/TAM) cells) were used. Chk-α expression and activity was suppressed by the transduction of shRNA (shChk-α) with lentivirus and treatment with CK37, a Chk-α inhibitor. MCF-7/TAM cells had higher Chk-α expression and phosphocholine levels than MCF-7 cells. A specific downregulation of Chk-α by the transduction of shChk-α exhibited a significant decrease in phosphocholine levels in MCF-7 and MCF-7/TAM cells. The autophagy-related protein, cleaved microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and autophagosome-like structures were significantly increased in shChk-α-transduced or CK37-treated MCF-7 and MCF-7/TAM cells. The downregulation of Chk-α attenuated the phosphorylation of AKT, ERK1/2, and mTOR in both MCF-7 and MCF-7/TAM cells. In MCF-7 cells, the downregulation of Chk-α resulted in an induction of autophagy, a decreased proliferation ability and an activation of caspase-3. In MCF-7/TAM cells, despite a significant decrease in proliferation ability and an increase in the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, the downregulation of Chk-α did not induced caspase-dependent cell death and further enhanced autophagy and G0/G1 phase arrest. An autophagy inhibitor, methyladenine (3-MA) induced death and attenuated the level of elevated LC3 in MCF-7/TAM cells. Elucidating the interplay between choline metabolism and autophagy will provide unique opportunities to identify new therapeutic targets and develop novel treatment strategies that preferentially target TAM-resistance."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier | "doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0141110"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Kim H.S."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Kim H."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Choi S.K."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Sun Y."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Jung M."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Tian L."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Moon W.K."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/date | "2015"xsd:gYear |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/name | "PLoS One"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/pages | "e0141110"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/title | "Downregulation of Choline Kinase-Alpha Enhances Autophagy in Tamoxifen-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/volume | "10"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatch | http://purl.uniprot.org/pubmed/26496360 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 | http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/primaryTopicOf | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26496360 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_P35790-mappedCitation-26496360 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_P42345-mappedCitation-26496360 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/#_P31749-mappedCitation-26496360 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#object | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P42345 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/mappedCitation | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P35790 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/mappedCitation | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P31749 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/mappedCitation | http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/26496360 |