| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/Journal_Citation |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment | "Variant of concern (VOC) Omicron-BA.1 has achieved global predominance in early 2022. Therefore, surveillance and comprehensive characterization of Omicron-BA.1 in advanced primary cell culture systems and animal models are urgently needed. Here, we characterize Omicron-BA.1 and recombinant Omicron-BA.1 spike gene mutants in comparison with VOC Delta in well-differentiated primary human nasal and bronchial epithelial cells in vitro, followed by in vivo fitness characterization in hamsters, ferrets and hACE2-expressing mice, and immunized hACE2-mice. We demonstrate a spike-mediated enhancement of early replication of Omicron-BA.1 in nasal epithelial cultures, but limited replication in bronchial epithelial cultures. In hamsters, Delta shows dominance over Omicron-BA.1, and in ferrets Omicron-BA.1 infection is abortive. In hACE2-knock-in mice, Delta and a Delta spike clone also show dominance over Omicron-BA.1 and an Omicron-BA.1 spike clone, respectively. Interestingly, in naïve K18-hACE2 mice, we observe Delta spike-mediated increased replication and pathogenicity and Omicron-BA.1 spike-mediated reduced replication and pathogenicity, suggesting that the spike gene is a major determinant of replication and pathogenicity. Finally, the Omicron-BA.1 spike clone is less well-controlled by mRNA-vaccination in K18-hACE2-mice and becomes more competitive compared to the progenitor and Delta spike clones, suggesting that spike gene-mediated immune evasion is another important factor that led to Omicron-BA.1 dominance."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier | "doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33632-y"xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Hoffmann B."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Thiel V."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Beer M."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Hoper D."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Steiner S."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Hoffmann D."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Breithaupt A."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Wernike K."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Rauch A."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Dijkman R."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Ebert N."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Ciesek S."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Stalder H."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Widera M."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Benarafa C."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Halwe N.J."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Kelly J.N."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Taddeo A."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Thomann L."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Ulrich L."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Marti T.M."xsd:string |
| http://purl.uniprot.org/citations/36207334 | http://purl.uniprot.org/core/author | "Schmied K."xsd:string |