| http://purl.uniprot.org/proteomes/UP000000743 | http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment | "Gram-positive rods motile by a few peritrichous flagella. 1-10% of humans might be intestinal carriers of L.monocytogenes. It has been found in at least 37 mammalian species, both domestic and feral, as well as at least 17 species of birds and possibly some species of fish and shellfish. It can be isolated from soil, silage, and other environmental sources. L.monocytogenes is quite hardy and resists the deleterious effects of freezing, drying, and heat remarkably well for a bacterium that does not form spores. The manifestations of listeriosis include septicemia, meningitis (or meningoencephalitis), encephalitis, and intrauterine or cervical infections in pregnant women. Most listeriosis is caused by serotypes 4b, 1/2a and 1/2b, while serotype 4a is naturally avirulent, and hence has possibilities as a vaccine candidate. Originally isolated from catfish, HCC23 displays hemolytic activity but causes no mouse mortality. Strain HCC23 grew readily within macrophage-like J774 cells, and compared with EGD, a virulent serotype 1/2a strain, HCC23 induced a relatively low level of gamma interferon in mice (adapted from PubMed 17437086)."xsd:string |